Friday, December 27, 2019

Programming games in C# using SDL.NET

One of the problems with open source is that projects sometimes seem to fall by the wayside or take confusing turns. Take SDL.NET. Ignoring the website for sale, a search on the web reveals cs-sdl.sourceforge.net a project that seems to have stopped in November 2010. We dont think it has stopped but just looks like it has. If you dont know C#, you will first need to learn how to program in C#. Looking elsewhere, we came across the Tao framework linked on the Mono website which seems to cover the same area and adding support for sound etc. But looking on sourceforge (again!), it has been superseded by OpenTK but the focus there is OpenGL. However, it also includes OpenAL so installing the two (cs-sdl and OpenTK) seemed to be the way forward. Part of the OpenTk install failed; the NS (shader) because we dont have VS 2008 installed! However, the rest of it was ok. We created a C# Console project and started playing with SDL.NET. The online documentation can be found here. Looking back, we can see that the OpenTK framework wasnt needed as such, that SDL.NET installed everything but that wasnt clear at the time. It still uses the Tao Framework even though development of that has been superseded by OpenTK. Its a little confusing and we hope the SDL.NET team will bring out an OpenTk compatible version in the future. What Exactly is SDL.NET? Its not, as we thought, just a thin wrapper round SDL, but adds considerable extra functionality. There are a number of classes provided to provide the following: TimersProvides Sprites, including animation and TextProvides surfaces for 2D and OpenGlProvides support for Movie loading and playingProvides support for AudioProvides Bezier, polygon (and textures), square, circle, line, pie drawingProvides particle support with emitters and sprites and manipulators.Provides interfacing with Windows forms through a shared PictureBox with surface. Preparations There are several things you have to do to get it set up. Here they are: Locate the two SDL.NET dlls (SdlDotNet.dll and Tao.Sdl.dll) as well as the OpenTK dlls, and add them to the project references. After installation, the dlls are located in Program Files\SdlDotNet\bin (on a 32 bit Windows and Program Files (x86)\SdlDotNet\bin on 64 bit Windows. Right click on the References section in Solution Explorer then click Add Reference and select the Browse tab. That opens an Explorer dialog and after locating the dlls select then and click ok. SDL.NET uses the SDL set of dlls and installs them under the lib folder. Dont delete them! One last thing, click on the View\Properties so it opens up the Property pages and on the first tab (Application) Change Output type from Console Application to Windows Application. If you dont do this when the program first runs and opens up the SDL main Window it will open up a console Window as well. Were now ready to start and Ive created a short application below. This blits randomly sized and located rectangles and circles on the Window surface at 1,700 drawn per second at a frame rate of 50 frames per second. That 1,700 comes from setting the number drawn per frame to 17 and displaying the frames per second in the Window caption using Video.WindowCaption. Each frame it draws 17 filled circles and rectangles, 17 x 2 x 50 1,700. This figure depends on the video card, CPU etc. Its an impressive speed. // By David Bolton, http://cplus.about.comusing System;using System.Drawing;using SdlDotNet.Graphics;using SdlDotNet.Core;using SdlDotNet.Graphics.Primitives;public class ex1{private const int wwidth 1024;private const int wheight 768;private static Surface Screen;private static Random r new Random() ;public static void Main(string[] args){Screen Video.SetVideoMode( wwidth, wheight, 32, false, false, false, true) ;Events.TargetFps 50;Events.Quit (QuitEventHandler) ;Events.Tick (TickEventHandler) ;Events.Run() ;}private static void QuitEventHandler(object sender, QuitEventArgs args){Events.QuitApplication() ;}private static void TickEventHandler(object sender, TickEventArgs args){for (var i 0; i 17; i){var rect new Rectangle(new Point(r.Next(wwidth- 100),r.Next(wheight-100)),new Size(10 r.Next(wwidth - 90), 10 r.Next(wheight - 90))) ;var Col Color.FromArgb(r.Next(255),r.Next (255),r.Next(255)) ;var CircCol Color.FromArgb(r.Next(255), r.Next (255), r.Next(255)) ;short rad ius (short)(10 r.Next(wheight - 90)) ;var Circ new Circle(new Point(r.Next(wwidth- 100),r.Next(wheight-100)),radius) ;Screen.Fill(rect,Col) ;Circ.Draw(Screen, CircCol, false, true) ;Screen.Update() ;Video.WindowCaption Events.Fps.ToString() ;}}} Object Oriented Development SDL.NET is very Object Oriented and there are two predefined objects that are used in every SDL.NET application. Video provides methods to set the video mode, create video surfaces, hide and show the mouse cursor, and interact with OpenGL. Not that well be doing OpenGL for a while. The Events class contains events which can be attached to to read user input and other miscellaneous occurrences. Here the Video object is used to set the size and resolution of the game Window (full screen is an option). The parameters for SetVideoMode let you change these and 13 overloads provide plenty of variety. Theres a .chm file (Windows html help format) in the doc folder documenting all the classes and members. The Events object has a Quit events handler that lets you add close down logic and you should call Events.QuitApplication() to make it respond to the user closing the application. The Events.Tick is possibly the most important event handler. It calls the specified event handler each frame. This is the model for all SDL.NET development. You can set your desired frame rate and my reducing the loop to 5 and changing the Targetfps to 150 we got it running at 164 frames per second. TargetFps is a ballpark figure; it puts in delays to get you near that figure but the Events.Fps is what is delivered. Surfaces Like the original non Windowed version of SDL, the SDL.NET uses surfaces for rendering to the screen. A surface can be constructed from a graphics file. There are a large number of properties and methods that make it possible to read or write pixels as well as draw the graphics primitives, blit other surfaces, even dump a surface to a disk file for taking screenshots. SDLNET provides just about everything to let you create games. Well be looking at the various features over the next few tutorials then move onto creating games with it.

Thursday, December 19, 2019

The Legacy Of Penn State - 1169 Words

For over thirty years Gerald â€Å"Jerry† Sandusky abused the trust of the residents of Happy Valley, Pennsylvania. For over thirty years Jerry Sandusky robbed, traumatized, and manipulated over half a dozen innocent boys. And in those thirty years numerous individuals knew and remained silence, and watched Jerry violate these children. Jerry used his organization, second mile, as a shield to lure in his victims, showered them with gifts, attention and special trips to Penn State esteemed football facility. On those trips, numerous times concluded with inappropriate molestation and even penetration. Protected by the fame and success of Penn State’s football team Sandusky’s crime were thrown under the rug for decades. Numerous officials discrediting victims and witnesses and the school handing out settlements like candy to keep it out of the media. Just in 2013 Penn State paid 26 Sandusky victims a $60 million settlement. With the shield of the football program, coaches, school administrators and local law enforcement Sandusky was able to continue his grotesque deeds. Until the two year grand jury investigation which concluded with the indictment on 52 charges of child molestation in 2011 that led to the arrest of Sandusky. Sandusky charges were eventually dropped to 48 and cover a period of 15 years from 1994 to 2009. Although there were earlier incidents that were discredited and due to statute of limitations, Sandusky eluded those charges. According to a NY Times articleShow MoreRelatedThe British Colonization Of India935 Words   |  4 Pagescolonization had an amount of momentous influences on the district, and many of which had permanent legacies on the nation’s economic and social positions. 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Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Case Study on Teamwork Problem free essay sample

Mike is a manufacturing manager at Auto Safety Products, which is a firm in the Midwest that designs and produces automobile seat belts and infant and child safety seats. Jill is a design engineer for the same firm. Top management at their work instituted concurrent engineering, a team-based system that integrates manufacturing and design processes. Concurrent engineering is intended to eliminate the problems that often occur in industry when designers are unaware of the needs of manufacturing. Through concurrent engineering, management hoped to improve attention to all elements of the product life cycle and manufacture a quality, low-cost product that will meet user needs. The company was also hoping to decrease the amount of time it takes to move from initial conceptual design to actual production. Both Mike and Jill are on the team working on toddler booster seats. This is an important product for Auto Safety Products, as research has indicated that parents do not use safety seats once children reach toddler age. The reason for this is because they are difficult to use in cars and uncomfortable for the children. Thus the team at Auto Safety Products worked to make the seats easier for parents to use by making them more comfortable, more portable, and more compatible with a range of automobiles from small sports cars to sedans to minivans to SUVs. Mike is 55-years-old and has worked in manufacturing for most of his life. He has spent the past 22 years working at Auto Safety Products. Mike has always felt some animosity toward the design side of the firm. He found the engineers unwilling to listen to the problems faced in manufacturing. He often complained that the design department generates projects that run into all sorts of problems once they hit manufacturing. He approached the new concurrent engineering program at his work. Jill is 25-years-old and is a mechanical engineer who has been with Auto Safety Products since her college graduation. Jill is assertive and strong-minded; she believes she has to be effective in the male-dominated world of engineering. She learned about the concurrent engineering concept when she was in school and she believes it can greatly improve the effectiveness of design and manufacturing. Unfortunately, it has not worked at Auto Safety Products. The manufacturing side has not really bought into the process, and management did not take the time to introduce the team management system properly and train people to work together. Jill has a hard time with Mike Garcia, who is the lead manufacturing representative on her team. Jill and Mike had to work together frequently on a booster seat design in a variety of vans. Their inability to work together has gotten so bad that their supervisor had to set up a meeting to help them deal with the problem. Adam Shapiro is the project supervisor at Auto Safety Products. He oversaw the booster seat project team that Mike and Jill worked on. Adam knows the two of them have not hit it off on the concurrent engineering team and had decided that the conflict had gotten to the point where he must step in and help them settle it. He brought them in individually and asked them about the problem and what the problem was. Jill was the first person Adam talked to. According to Jill the problem is that Mike would not listen to her ideas and downplays the contributions that design can make to concurrent engineering. On the other hand she sees design as the most important part of the concurrent engineering process. Jill suspects that Mike has problems with her because she is young and a woman, and this has made her push even harder for her point of view on project disagreements. After Jill discussed the problem with Adam, Mike was the next person to discuss the problem with Adam. Mike thinks the concurrent engineering system and the booster seat team in particular is a joke. He says that the design engineers are still trying to push their ideas down the manufacturing’s throat and he’s tired of it. Also Mike would like to go back to doing things the old way. However, if he is forced to continue with the concurrent engineering system, he refuses to give in to every one of Jill’s ideas. Case Analysis Questions 1a. What kind of predispositions are Mike and Jill taking into this conflict situation? Mike believes that engineers are â€Å"uppity† and unwilling to listen to the problems dealing with manufacturing. As a female engineer Jill feels as though she needs to be effective in the male-dominated world of engineering 1b. How might these predispositions influence the way the frame the conflict and the way they approach each other? These predispositions are definitely negatively influencing the way Mike and Jill approach each other. Obviously they are going to automatically approach each other negatively because of their opinions. 2a. If Mike and Jill were to attempt to deal with this conflict on their own, what conflict style would you recommend? If Mike and Jill were to attempt to deal with this conflict on their own I would recommend that they use the compromising conflict style. Compromising will allow you to achieve both of your goals, resulting in a â€Å"win-win† situation instead of a â€Å"win-lose† situation. 2b. Given what you know about Jill and Mike, do you think they would use an effective conflict resolution style? No, because when the problem first arose they had a hard time coming to a common ground resolution. I believe if it wasn’t for Adam they would have never resolved the problem. 3a. If you were Adam, how would you approach this conflict? If I was Adam, I would sit them both down together and have them write down the benefits that each of them bring to the company. b. What strategies should you use to help Mike and Jill deal with their ongoing problems? A strategy that I l would use is integrative bargaining. In integrative bargaining, the conflicting parties are trying to maximize gains for both parties (Miller, 2012). The bargainers discuss issues that could lead to a more creative solution to the problem at hand. Ou tcomes of integrative bargaining are often solution that allow both parties to benefit, and communication tends to be marked by open disclosure, careful listening and multiple communication channels. I believe this is the perfect strategy to use because with both Mike and Jill having problems with each other and the way they do things, if Adam uses this strategy I think you would solve problems for both people. 3c. Would you consider bringing in a mediator to help them work through their issues? I think there should be a mediator in the meeting as well, just in case things would get intense and they could not come up with a fair compromise. 4a. How would a feminist approach to conflict see this situation? They would see this situation that Mike is wrong and Jill is right. They would see it this way because a feminist approach would say that men don’t listen to women and they don’t take them as serious as other men especially in the workforce. 4b. Is it possible to use an alternative model that would recast this situation in a more productive frame? No because I think Adam handled this situation the right way by bringing Mike and Jill in and have them discuss the problem. This way is more productive because they can express themselves without knowing what the other person said. You can cover more ground by one-on-one problem solving. Effective Student Teams: A Faux Hiring and Peer Evaluation Process Student team projects provide benefits to the education process and provide experience that is valued by some employers. But team projects can be a source of conflict. Due to free-riding, scheduling problems and differing goals, there are fertile grounds for team conflicts. Therefore, there needs to be a better method of forming teams and a process to assure shared goals by team members (Lane 2011). The author Michelle Lane discussed the Faux Hiring Team Selection Process. In this process there are six steps to form and select a team. Step one is the selection of interviewers. Step two is posting interviewee’s applications for review by classmates and interviewers. The third step is to hold a â€Å"Job Fair† where a faux interview process occurs. The fourth step is the selection of personal top choices by both interviewers and interviewees. The next step is the instructor team assignment. Finally the forming and the signing of the team contract is the last step. Results In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the faux hiring process, two classes of 40 students each were studied in the fall semester 2009. Independent T-Tests showed no statistical difference between the two classes in terms of age and GPA. In the first class the teams were assigned randomly by the instructor and in the second class the job fair approach was used. The teams were used for two projects that took place over the semester. One project involved the use of the CAPSIM simulation. The second project was a business study requiring research, an interview and a class presentation of their findings. Each project was worth 20% of their course grade. (Lane 2011) The effectiveness of the faux hiring team assignment was assessed in two ways. The first way was the total team points earned from the simulation and the business projects were compared using a t-test of mean group differences. The results were significant with the faux hiring teams scoring higher than the randomly assigned teams. The second assessment was at the end of the semester, students were asked to fill out an anonymous online survey about their team experience. There were 43 respondents to this survey. 19 were from the instructor assigned teams and the remaining 24 were from the faux hiring teams. The results show that the faux hiring teams had stronger scores on shared goals, and had fewer conflicts. This article relates to our case study because it is an example of a way to prevent teamwork problems. This article basically says to go through an interview process to find a good team that has common goals and would get along to avoid conflicts. Whereas the case study does not use a process like this and Mike and Jill have a problem and are unable to resolve it. What is Expected from Supervisors This article was about how the past 10 years that team members enter the workforce as well as management or leadership emphasis influences different images of supervisors. There were certain features of management discussion during the past decades that are used as instruments in addressing the contributing research question: What is still expected from management and leadership? Liisa Huusko found that team member who are not the same age have different images of supervisors. Thus they wait partly for different actions within team organization. Human Resource Management issues seem to be included in supervisors’ duties in every decade. For example, encouraging and career-development matters do not appear until the 1980s. Furthermore, different kinds of computer-aided control systems are not able to respond to quick changes and uncommon situations relating to everyday duties. The image of supervisors that workers take for granted must be taken into consideration during the changes and shifts between responsible actors. This article relates to our case study because it shows that age does have an effect on teamwork. Age makes a difference because the older people want to do it the way they have been used to all their life and not want to change with younger generation as well as the technology that is changing. Some older generation refuse to update their technology and it is having an effect with teamwork. Finally, this goes with the case study because this article presents a male-female problem, where the male refuses to listen to the female’s idea. NBA Lockout: Can Both Sides Agree on Basketball-Related Income? I obtained this article from the Los Angeles Times Newspaper. The article was written and published on October 28, 2011. It talks about the National Basketball Association (NBA) lockout and how the players union and the owners are struggling to agree on terms for salary cap and other issues. This is an example of teamwork and the problems with teamwork. For example, the NBA deputy commissioner Adam Silver and Spurs owner Peter Hold said the players union offered a decrease from 53% to 52. 5% but wouldn’t discuss anything further if owners wouldn’t offer more than 50% (Medina, 2011). With the two sides going back and forth and unable to come up with a number they could agree they have brought in a mediator to help with negotiations. But even with the mediator the two sides still have not agree on terms. Thus, the NBA season is in jeopardy. NBA Commissioner David Stern has already cancelled all games through November.

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

The immortality and beauty of art Essay Example For Students

The immortality and beauty of art Essay Throughout the three poems that Keats composed: Ode on a Grecian Urn, Ode to a Nightingale and To Autumn, Keats is principally concerned to explore the concepts of time, the relationships between art and nature, mortality and immortality, using a series of paradoxes both thematically and literally in the poem to contrast the main elements discussed in his work, and to enhance the fact that Ode in itself is a paradox as it is a result of both celebration and commemoration. However, he looks at these elements in depth from different aspects and perspectives in order to find a way in which art and nature can both exist, developing his ideas within the poems. We will write a custom essay on The immortality and beauty of art specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In all his three poems, he focuses on the main themes: art, nature and time. Nevertheless, although he looks at the same elements in these poems, he always finds different ways of understanding these concepts in all three poems, as if he is developing his ideas towards a final conclusion. In Ode on a Grecian Urn he propels the idea of nature contained by art; Ode to a Nightingale is about art contained in nature; whereas To Autumn reveals the idea that art and nature are reconciled. In each of Keatss poems, he uses different techniques to back up the main idea that he wants to suggest in each ode. In the poem Ode on a Grecian Urn, Keats focuses mainly on the immortality and beauty of art, where things are frozen forever in a state of perfection, such as the images on the urn. In actual fact, Keats resembles the urn to the picture of still unravishd bride, which could be seen as an image which represents beauty, but at the same time quite an unrealistic representation as he portraits a very particular part in time: the moment of anticipation, where things are frozen just a fraction of time before perfection and can then be perfected by the imagination of human mind. Nevertheless, this can also be ruined and destroyed by reality. He cleverly makes use of oxymoron when describing the urn as an unravishd bride, which propels the idea of the immortality and perfection of art and at the same time, the limitations which exist because of its unreality. This can be perceived as the fact that he longs for the longevity that is possessed by the urn, and the powerful attraction to art nevertheless having known its limits, and the desire of looking forward to the moment of anticipation, which can then be perfected by the imagination, and lasting forever. However, the way from which he sees art changes when he comes to write the poem Ode to a Nightingale, where art is once again presented as attractive but incomplete from a human point of view, which introduces an ongoing reflection from a self-conscious position on the significance of art. In this poem, Keats expresses the concept of the existence of art in nature through the image of the nightingale and its song: the nightingale, at a certain extent, can be perceived as nature, and the song therefore represents a form of art. Here, the song can act as a bridge between art and nature as itself is a creation from the nature and thus applying this concept to the idea that art is contained in nature. On the other hand, the song of the nightingale is not human, and therefore this whole idea gets rejected as the poet implies a self-erasing structure throughout the poem in which he sets off his ideal by the contrast of the actual: stating a thesis and antithesis which together will work towards a synthesis, which could be the new thesis, a more perfected conclusion. This unique structure, present only in this poem, conveys the idea of art and nature as it has a clear artistic structure while suggesting the sense of a mind in process looking for the best option. .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99 , .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99 .postImageUrl , .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99 , .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99:hover , .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99:visited , .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99:active { border:0!important; } .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99:active , .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99 .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6d82224865d846c8a79123248785fc99:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Pablo Picasso Changed The Way We Look At Art EssayCompared to Ode on a Grecian Urn and Ode to a Nightingale, To Autumn has a more regular structure, which consists of three eleven-line stanzas and a rhyme scheme which starts with A B A B which show the regularity and pattern within the poem, while ending with C D E D C F E in the first stanza. Examining attentively to the ending rhymes, we can notice that there is a break in pattern, which changes the continuity to support the style. This sudden change in the rhyme scheme, where the C and E at the end of the stanza link back to the previous C and E rhymes, suggests the idea of the progress and return for not coming to an e nd, giving therefore the sense of overflowing, which can be associated with the main idea that Keats suggests throughout the poem: the cyclical time. Another unique point of the poem To Autumn compared to the other twos is the accumulation of figurative language in the poem such as the technique of metaphor, slimily and personification, suggesting therefore a sense of evident truth. Moreover, personification gives human qualities to a non-human object; therefore it has the utility of holding two elements together, which are normally separate and not related to each other. In fact, autumn here is personified by an image of a young girl sitting careless on a granary floor, passing on a sense of ease. Again, it shows the absence of fear because death is an essential part in the nature cycle as it allows the next one to grow, for a fresh new start. Thus, this is described as a natural and relaxed process. In this poem, unlike the other twos, Keats describes mainly the progression of time and season, whereas Ode on a Grecian Urn is mainly concerned about art, and Ode on a Nightingale which is primarily about nature. The description of the progression of time and season could possibly represent Keatss message that even though autumn seems the approach towards death, it is all part of the natural progression that eventually leads to spring and a new beginning. Keats uses many techniques to emphasise his conclusion with the use of rhymes, a steady and calm rhythm, his choice of imagery such as the full-grown lambs is a way of representing the point of vintage and at the same time, conveying a tranquil atmosphere throughout the poem. Therefore, this poem conveys a sense of peace and composure in respect to the other twos as there is the absence of fear and no anxiety of death because of the sense of continuity which works towards a cycle. In fact, in Ode on a Grecian Urn and Ode to a Nightingale, Keats is mainly concerned to explore the concept between art and nature, giving only little interest in time, where in the end, it seems that it is the key element which links art and nature as the theory of mortality and immorality no longer exists. In all of these three poems of Keats, there is the concern of how to reach and maintain the moment of vintage, in other words, how to reach the most perfect instant in time, in which it is more complete than the moment of anticipation and which does not exceed with excess to become spoiled, tending towards death. Therefore, it can be said that the moment of vintage is the moment of perfect maturity, the best moment that anything can possibly reach and at the same time, the moment which is haunted by death. Finally, Keats develops his concept of time from linear, described in his first two poems Ode on a Grecian Urn and Ode to a Nightingale, to a cyclical time mentioned in To Autumn, where it conveys a sense of composure in the lack of fear because the sense of ending is also a sense of beginning and return, which brings a feeling of immortality within the concept. This is due to the fact that the natural cycle has never an end, and continues towards infinity.